Data analysts use a variety of statistical techniques to analyze data and gain insights. Some of the most common statistical techniques used by data analysts include:

• Descriptive statistics: Descriptive statistics are used to summarize data and describe its main features. This includes measures such as mean, median, mode, standard deviation, and variance.
   
• Inferential statistics: Inferential statistics are used to make inferences about a population based on data from a sample. This includes techniques such as hypothesis testing, confidence intervals, and regression analysis.
   
• Machine learning: Machine learning is a type of artificial intelligence that allows computers to learn without being explicitly programmed. This is done by feeding the computer data and allowing it to identify patterns and make predictions.
   
• Data mining: Data mining is the process of extracting knowledge from data. This can be done by using a variety of techniques, such as clustering, association rule mining, and anomaly detection.
   

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The statistical technique used by a data analyst will depend on the specific problem they are trying to solve. For example, if a data analyst is trying to determine the average age of customers, they would use descriptive statistics. If a data analyst is trying to predict whether a customer will churn, they would use inferential statistics. If a data analyst is trying to build a model to recommend products to customers, they would use machine learning.

Data analysts also need to be familiar with the limitations of statistical techniques. For example, descriptive statistics can only describe data, they cannot make inferences about a population. Inferential statistics can make inferences about a population, but they are only accurate if the data is representative of the population. Machine learning models can be biased if the data they are trained on is biased.

By understanding the strengths and limitations of statistical techniques, data analysts can make better decisions about which techniques to use to analyze their data.