Occasionally, someone asks questions like:
"Why performance testing?" I've heard several times in his 30 years of experience evaluating all levels of application performance. Over the last few years, applications and customer expectations have evolved and, in most cases, become more sophisticated.
With the advent of Google and its blazingly fast search engine, end-users of your application have come to expect almost Google-matched levels of performance, regardless of application complexity or business case. As such, fast performance and flexible scalability have become the gold standard for our customers. In the highly competitive web application industry, if a solution can't solve a problem quickly enough, the application will likely fail. With the advent of big data and streaming data, businesses need to quickly understand how data is changing and make decisions in real time. This can make or break big sales to your competitors.
Frequent performance testing during the development cycle ensures that the final product is as responsive, scalable, and reliable 24/7 as possible. Additionally, proper sizing ensures that customers get a solution that reliably meets their requirements.
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What is a performance test? The term "performance test" is associated with various tests. A common simplification in the field of performance testing is a set of tests that measure user gesture (transaction) times for single users or very light loads. However, this type of testing only covers a fraction of what performance testing entails.
Another misconception is that performance testing is an activity that needs to be planned for later in the development cycle, so we don't think or plan much about performance at the beginning of an initiative. Delayed performance testing schedules often result in poor performance, poor scaling capabilities, and late gating defects. Fixing performance flaws late in the development cycle is very difficult and often requires architectural and technology changes. All aspects of performance should be considered at the planning stage and integrated throughout the development and release cycle. You need to think not only about what your application does, but how it should scale, perform, and how robust it should be. Do you want the ability to deploy your application to different nodes so that you can add more nodes if you need more throughput? How quickly do you want results? Any general expectations or service level agreements that need to be met? Do you have an SLA? Are there uptimes that are expected from the application? All these factors should be considered as early in the design and architecture of the application as possible to ensure the technologies and designs chosen will align with those expectations.
Often, with subtle changes in a performance test such as the duration or the user loads, testing methodologies one can get different results to satisfy different questions. Below is a non-exhaustive list of some of these performance test variations that can fall under the umbrella of performance testing:
- Single user performance
- Unit level performance
- User scale
- Bull rush
- Spike
- Stability/endurance or soak
- Data scale or volume
- Vertical or scaling up of resource
- Horizontal or scaling out resources
Measure time for certain system activity to complete (e.g. starting up applications)
Let's delve into each of these disciplines and expand on what their purpose and how they can be executed.
Types of Performance Tests
Unit level performance tests
A discrete unit of work done at a low component or even code level that measures elapsed time of basic code execution. This type of testing is often used by developers to quickly test and validate code changes.
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