Trailers often face electrical failures, with lighting problems being the most common issue. Fortunately, the widespread use of LED lighting has significantly reduced these problems. However, even with LEDs, the electrical system is still susceptible to corrosion, which can interrupt current flow and cause headaches for trailer owners. Corrosion is accelerated by aggressive de-icing chemicals that come into contact with the trailer's undersides, wiring, and lamps.

To avoid these problems, the Technology & Maintenance Council of the American Trucking Associations recommends a "whole-system" approach when spec'ing new trailers. This approach includes using sealed wiring, water- and corrosion-resistant connectors, and low-amperage lamp designs. Proper maintenance, such as replacing LEDs when some diodes fail, is also crucial for safety and maintaining a good CSA score.

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1. A whole-system approach is best

Recently revised recommendations from the TMC emphasize the importance of a well-designed electrical system for trailers. Recommended Practice 704C advises using sealed wiring, corrosion-resistant connectors, and low-amperage lamp designs to ensure long life and minimal downtime. The update addresses outdated references and focuses on the overall system, including wiring harnesses and installation practices. By following these guidelines, purchasers can specify a safe and effective lighting system that will last for at least 12 years, the typical duty cycle for trailers.

2. LED diodes can still fail

LED lamps have become standard on trailers due to their energy efficiency and longevity. Most LED lamps contain multiple diodes, allowing them to continue functioning even if some diodes fail. However, there is no defined threshold for determining when a lamp with failed diodes should be considered a failure. The Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance states that as long as the lamp remains visible, it is still considered functional. Ultimately, it is up to the discretion of enforcement officials to decide whether a lamp needs replacement.

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While the United States lacks specific standards for LED lamp failures, Canada's National Safety Code Standard 11 Part B dictates that a lamp should be "rejected" if 25% or more of the LEDs are non-functional. However, a study conducted by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration revealed that 80% of people cannot detect a 25% loss in light intensity. This ambiguity makes it difficult to establish clear rules for LED lamp failures.

It is essential for trailer owners to ensure their LED lamps meet the light-output standards set by Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 108. This standard mandates that a lamp's output must be visible from 500 feet. Nevertheless, the judgment of inspectors regarding the acceptability of partially functioning lamps may vary.

By understanding these two important facts about trailer lighting and wiring, owners can make informed decisions regarding their trailer's electrical systems. Remember to prioritize a whole-system approach and stay vigilant about maintenance to minimize electrical failures and ensure safe and reliable trailer operation.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What is the "whole-system" approach for trailer electrical systems?
A: The "whole-system" approach involves using sealed wiring, water- and corrosion-resistant connectors, and low-amperage lamp designs for trailers. It also emphasizes proper maintenance, such as replacing failed LEDs, to ensure the longevity and reliability of the electrical system.

Q: Can LED diodes in trailer lamps fail without the lamp being considered a failure?
A: Yes, LED lamp failures due to diode malfunctions are subjective. As long as the lamp remains visible, it is generally considered functional. However, there are no specific regulations or guidelines defining the acceptable number of failed diodes in a lamp.

Q: Are there specific rules for LED lamp failures in the United States?
A: No, there are no specific rules or standards set by the United States for LED lamp failures. The decision regarding lamp replacement is left to the discretion of enforcement officials.

Q: What are the light-output standards for LED lamps in trailers?
A: LED lamps in trailers must meet the light-output standards expressed in Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 108. The standard requires that a lamp's output is visible from a distance of 500 feet. However, the interpretation of acceptable light output may vary among inspectors.