Contraception plays an integral part in family planning, reproductive health, and personal well-being. With numerous contraceptive options available, it is natural to have questions about their effectiveness, safety, and suitability. So, here are some frequently asked questions to help you make informed decisions about your sexual and reproductive health. 

• What are contraceptives? How do they work?  

Contraceptives are methods used to prevent conception by interfering with the process of conception. They work by either preventing sperm from reaching and fertilising an egg (e.g., barrier methods, hormonal methods) or by inhibiting ovulation (e.g., hormonal methods). However, it is advisable to have them properly to avoid contraceptive health issues. 

• What types of contraceptives are available?  

Contraceptives come in various forms, including: 

• Barrier methods (e.g., condoms, diaphragms) 
• Hormonal methods (e.g., birth control pills, patches, injections) 
• Intrauterine devices (IUDs) 
• Permanent methods (e.g., sterilisation for both men and women) 
• Emergency contraception (e.g., morning-after pill) 

• How effective are contraceptives in preventing pregnancy?  

The effectiveness of contraceptives depends on the method used and how consistently and correctly it is used. Some procedures, such as sterilisation and long-acting reversible contraceptives like IUDs, are highly effective with a low failure rate. However, user-dependent methods like condoms and birth control pills may have higher failure rates if not used correctly. 

• Are contraceptives safe?  

Contraceptives are considered safe when used as directed. However, like any medication or medical procedure, they may carry some risks and side effects. It is best to discuss possible risks and benefits with a healthcare provider. That way, you can determine the most suitable contraceptive option based on your health history and preferences.   

• Can contraceptives be used to regulate menstrual cycles or manage other health conditions?  

Yes, hormonal contraceptives, such as birth control pills, patches, and hormonal IUDs, can be used to regulate menstrual cycles and manage conditions. These include polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, and menstrual disorders. These methods work by regulating hormone levels. They offer relief from symptoms associated with these conditions. 

For clarity, you can learn how to talk to your doctor about period pain and other symptoms you may be experiencing. Doing so helps you discuss your issues freely. 

• Do contraceptives protect against sexually transmitted infections?  

Some contraceptives, such as condoms. They provide protection against STIs by creating a barrier between partners. However, most methods do not offer STI protection. You should use condoms consistently and correctly, especially when engaging in sexual activity with new or multiple partners, to reduce the risk of STI transmission. 

• Can contraceptives be obtained without a prescription?  

Some contraceptives, such as condoms and emergency contraception, are available over the counter without a prescription. However, most hormonal contraceptives, including birth control pills and patches, require a prescription from a healthcare provider. Also, certain long-acting reversible contraceptives like IUDs should be inserted by a trained healthcare professional. This is important to avoid contraceptive health issues.  

Conclusion 

Contraceptives offer you the ability to make decisions about your reproductive health and family planning goals. Open communication and access to accurate information are essential for your sexual and overall well-being.